胃文化

定义

胃文化 is a test to check a child's stomach contents for the bacteria that cause 肺结核 (TB).

如何执行测试

A flexible tube is gently placed through the child's nose and into the stomach. The child may be given a glass of water and asked to swallow while the tube is inserted. Once the tube is in the stomach, the health care provider uses a syringe to remove a sample of the stomach contents.

The tube is then gently removed through the nose. 样品被送到实验室. There, it is placed in a special dish called a culture medium and watched for the growth of bacteria.

如何准备考试

Your child will need to fast for 8 to 10 hours before the test. This means your child cannot eat and drink anything during that time.

The sample is collected in the morning. For this reason, your child will likely be admitted to the hospital the night before the test. The tube can then be placed in the evening, and the test done first thing in the morning.

How you prepare your child for this test depends on your child's age, 过去的经验, 以及信任程度. Follow your provider's instructions on how to prepare your child.

相关主题包括:

• Infant test or procedure preparation (出生至一岁)
• Toddler test or procedure preparation (一至三年)
• Preschooler test or procedure preparation (3至6岁)
• School age test or procedure preparation (6至12岁)
• Adolescent test or procedure preparation (12至18岁)

考试的感觉如何

While the tube is being passed through the nose and throat, your child will feel some discomfort and may also feel like vomiting.

为什么要进行测试

This test can help diagnose lung (pulmonary) TB in children. This method is used because children cannot cough up and spit out mucus until about age 8. They swallow the mucus, instead. (That is why young children only rarely spread TB to others.)

The test may also be done to help identify viruses, 真菌, and bacteria in the gastric contents of people with cancer, 艾滋病, or other conditions that cause a weakened immune system.

The final results of the gastric culture test may take several weeks. Your provider will decide whether to start treatment before knowing the test results.

正常的结果

The bacteria that cause TB are not found in the stomach contents.

异常结果意味着什么

If the bacteria that cause TB grow from the gastric culture, TB is diagnosed. Because these bacteria grow slowly, it may take up to 6 weeks to confirm the diagnosis.

A test called a TB smear will be done first on the sample. If the results are positive, treatment may be started right away. Be aware that a negative TB smear result does not rule out TB.

This test can also be used to detect other forms of bacteria that do not cause TB.

风险

Anytime a nasogastric tube is inserted down the throat, there is a small chance it will enter the windpipe. If this happens, your child may cough, gasp, and have trouble breathing until the tube is removed. There is also a small chance that some of the stomach contents may enter the lung.

参考文献

克鲁兹，斯塔克JR. 肺结核. In: Cherry JD, Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, eds. Feigin and Cherry's Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 8日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 96.

Fitzgerald DW, Sterling TR, Haas DW. 结核分枝杆菌.In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 249.

Hatzenbuehler LA, Starke JR. 肺结核 (结核分枝杆菌). 在:Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 21艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 242.

Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM. 肺结核. In: Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM, eds. Nelson Essentials of Pediatrics. 8日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 124.