艾滋病 淋巴瘤
Overview
艾滋病 lymphoma is a disease in which cancer or malignant cells are found in the lymph systems of patients who have AIDS.
The lymph system is made up of thin tubes that branch, 比如血管, into all parts of the body. Lymph vessels carry lymph, 一种无色, watery fluid that contains white blood cells called lymphocytes. Along the network of vessels are groups of small, bean-shaped organs called lymph nodes. Clusters of lymph nodes make 和 store infection-fighting cells. 脾, an organ in the upper abdomen that makes lymphocytes 和 filters old blood cells from the blood; the thymus, a small organ beneath the breastbone; 和 the tonsils, 喉部喉咙里的器官, are part of the lymph system.
Because there is lymph tissue in many parts of the body, the cancer can spread to almost any of the body's organs or tissues including the liver, bone marrow (spongy tissue inside the large bones of the body that makes blood cells), 脾或脑.
淋巴瘤的类型
淋巴瘤s are divided into two general types, 何杰金氏淋巴瘤 和 非霍奇金淋巴瘤, which are classified by the way their cells look under a microscope. This determination is called the histology. Histology also is used to determine the subtype of non-何杰金氏淋巴瘤.
The types of 非霍奇金淋巴瘤 are classified by how quickly they spread: low-grade, intermediate-grade or high-grade. The intermediate or high-grade lymphomas grow 和 spread faster than the low-grade lymphomas.
Both major types of lymphoma — 何杰金氏淋巴瘤 和 non-何杰金氏淋巴瘤, especially the more aggressive, intermediate 和 high grade lymphomas — may occur in adult 和 pediatric AIDS patients.
A separate type of lymphoma, called primary central nervous system lymphoma, starts in the brain or spinal cord, both of which are part of the central nervous system (CNS). This type of lymphoma is called a "primary CNS lymphoma" because it starts in the central nervous system rather than starting somewhere else in the body 和 spreading to the CNS. The immune deficiency usually is quite advanced before this develops.
Our approach to 艾滋病 lymphoma
UCSF has been the birthplace of many treatment breakthroughs for both HIV/AIDS 和 cancer. 我们提供同情心, cutting-edge care for these conditions, alongside support services 和 access to potential new therapies via clinical trials.
Treatment for 艾滋病 lymphoma often consists of a combination of chemotherapy drugs, sometimes with the addition of radiation therapy. Because cancer treatment can further weaken patients' immune systems, we may use lower drug doses than we would for lymphoma patients who don't have AIDS. HIV drugs, by boosting the immune system, can also help the body fight cancer. Our goal is to cure the lymphoma.
奖 & 识别
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Among the top hospitals in the nation
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Best in Northern California 和 No. 7 in the nation for cancer care
迹象 & 症状
See a doctor if any of the following 症状 persist for longer than two weeks:
- Painless swelling in the lymph nodes in the neck, underarm or groin
- 发热
- 盗汗
- 疲劳
- Weight loss without dieting
- 皮肤瘙痒
诊断
If you have AIDS 和 症状 of lymphoma, a doctor will carefully check for swelling or lumps in the neck, 腋下和腹股沟. Scans may be done to examine lymph nodes inside the body. If the lymph nodes don't feel or look normal, your doctor may need to cut out a small piece of tissue 和 look at it under the microscope to detect cancer cells. This procedure is called a 活组织检查.
Once 艾滋病 lymphoma is found, more tests will be done to find out if the cancer has spread from where it started to other parts of the body, a process called staging.
治疗
在一般情况下, patients with 艾滋病 lymphoma respond to treatment differently from patients with lymphoma who do not have AIDS. 艾滋病 lymphoma usually grows faster 和 spreads outside the lymph nodes 和 to other parts of the body more often than lymphoma that is not related to AIDS.
Because therapy can damage weak immune systems even further, patients who have 艾滋病 lymphoma may be treated with lower doses of drugs than those who do not have AIDS.
Two types of treatment are commonly used:
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. It is for educational purposes only 和 is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.
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